Critical raw materials in the energy transition. Assessing Ukraine’s potential for EU supply chains
Critical raw materials (CRMs) sit at the core of the EU’s clean transition: from batteries and wind turbines to grids and solar panels. With supply chains concentrated and exposed to geopolitical risk, the EU is increasingly looking to partnerships with like-minded countries. In this context, Ukraine has geological potential in some CRMs relevant to the EU’s clean transition, but its current role in EU supply chains remains marginal. Ukraine exported only two CRMs to the EU as primary raw materials – titanium and natural graphite – together accounting for less than 0.2% of Ukraine’s exports to the EU in 2024. We present the report “Critical raw materials in the energy transition: assessing Ukraine's potential for EU supply chain” prepared under Green Deal Ukraїna (GDU), a German-Polish-Ukrainian project, which was implemented as part of the European Programme at Forum Energii, with Forum Energii as a project partner.
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Critical raw materials in the energy transition. Assessing Ukraine’s potential for EU supply chains
Critical raw materials (CRMs) sit at the core of the EU’s clean transition: from batteries and wind turbines to grids and solar panels. With supply chains concentrated and exposed to geopolitical risk, the EU is increasingly looking to partnerships with like-minded countries. In this context, Ukraine has geological potential in some CRMs relevant to the EU’s clean transition, but its current role in EU supply chains remains marginal. Ukraine exported only two CRMs to the EU as primary raw materials – titanium and natural graphite – together accounting for less than 0.2% of Ukraine’s exports to the EU in 2024. We present the report “Critical raw materials in the energy transition: assessing Ukraine's potential for EU supply chain” prepared under Green Deal Ukraїna (GDU), a German-Polish-Ukrainian project, which was implemented as part of the European Programme at Forum Energii, with Forum Energii as a project partner.
Ukraine’s energy sector is a key battleground in the war with Russia
Ukraine successfully navigated the 2024-2025 heating season, a crucial test, aided by favorable weather, international support, and domestic efforts to restore infrastructure and develop new distributed and decentralized generation capacities. The energy system’s future stability now depends on protecting infrastructure, integrating new capacities, and addressing financial challenges in the sector.
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Ukraine’s energy sector is a key battleground in the war with Russia
Ukraine successfully navigated the 2024-2025 heating season, a crucial test, aided by favorable weather, international support, and domestic efforts to restore infrastructure and develop new distributed and decentralized generation capacities. The energy system’s future stability now depends on protecting infrastructure, integrating new capacities, and addressing financial challenges in the sector.
Harvesting Green Energy: The Potential of Ukraine-EU Biomethane Cooperation
Over the next decades, Europe’s energy generation landscape will change significantly. Achieving climate neutrality means replacing fossil fuels with renewable energy sources within the next 30 years. Biomethane, which can replace the use of natural gas, will be one of the essential assets in this transition.
A critical partner with significant potential for supporting biomethane usage in the EU is Ukraine. Despite facing challenges such as war and regulatory hurdles, Ukraine has substantial production capacity—up to 1 bcm by 2030 and as much as 22 bcm by 2050.
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Harvesting Green Energy: The Potential of Ukraine-EU Biomethane Cooperation
Over the next decades, Europe’s energy generation landscape will change significantly. Achieving climate neutrality means replacing fossil fuels with renewable energy sources within the next 30 years. Biomethane, which can replace the use of natural gas, will be one of the essential assets in this transition.
A critical partner with significant potential for supporting biomethane usage in the EU is Ukraine. Despite facing challenges such as war and regulatory hurdles, Ukraine has substantial production capacity—up to 1 bcm by 2030 and as much as 22 bcm by 2050.
Ukraine in Darkness: Preventing the Worst-Case Scenario for Its Energy System
Compared to the energy system’s resources available before the Russian invasion, Ukraine now has only a quarter of its production capacity. Insufficient energy supplies mean that this winter many parts of Ukraine may be deprived of not only electricity but also heat and running water for significant portions of the day. Russia has consistently targeted and destroyed Ukrainian energy infrastructure to try to paralyse the economy and break the society’s will to defend against the Russian aggression and force the Kyiv authorities to capitulate to Russia on its terms. This report analyses the current state of the Ukrainian energy system and proposes solutions to reduce the risk of a humanitarian disaster in the country.
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Ukraine in Darkness: Preventing the Worst-Case Scenario for Its Energy System
Compared to the energy system’s resources available before the Russian invasion, Ukraine now has only a quarter of its production capacity. Insufficient energy supplies mean that this winter many parts of Ukraine may be deprived of not only electricity but also heat and running water for significant portions of the day. Russia has consistently targeted and destroyed Ukrainian energy infrastructure to try to paralyse the economy and break the society’s will to defend against the Russian aggression and force the Kyiv authorities to capitulate to Russia on its terms. This report analyses the current state of the Ukrainian energy system and proposes solutions to reduce the risk of a humanitarian disaster in the country.
The Energy and Climate Roadmap. Ukraine towards the EU
The European Council decided on December 14 to open accession negotiations with Ukraine. In the coming months and years, Ukraine will have to do the arduous, technical work of implementing EU regulations. This includes the energy sector. In the roadmap prepared by the Green Deal Ukraïna project, in which Forum Energii is a partner, we identify the most urgent areas of energy and climate reform for Ukraine and take a closer look at the accession negotiations.
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The Energy and Climate Roadmap. Ukraine towards the EU
The European Council decided on December 14 to open accession negotiations with Ukraine. In the coming months and years, Ukraine will have to do the arduous, technical work of implementing EU regulations. This includes the energy sector. In the roadmap prepared by the Green Deal Ukraïna project, in which Forum Energii is a partner, we identify the most urgent areas of energy and climate reform for Ukraine and take a closer look at the accession negotiations.
Ukraine’s Preparations for a Wartime Winter
Ukraine has prepared relatively well for the heating season, despite the Russian invasion and subsequent war, which has been ongoing for more than six months. The accumulated stocks of coal and gas are likely to be sufficient to ensure heat and electricity supply. The decline in demand for electric power due to reduced economic activity during the war is greater than the lost generation potential, enabling Ukraine to export electricity to the EU. The biggest challenge will be to secure heating if the Russian shelling of CHP plants intensifies. This could cause a humanitarian catastrophe in Ukraine and increase the number of refugees.
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Ukraine’s Preparations for a Wartime Winter
Ukraine has prepared relatively well for the heating season, despite the Russian invasion and subsequent war, which has been ongoing for more than six months. The accumulated stocks of coal and gas are likely to be sufficient to ensure heat and electricity supply. The decline in demand for electric power due to reduced economic activity during the war is greater than the lost generation potential, enabling Ukraine to export electricity to the EU. The biggest challenge will be to secure heating if the Russian shelling of CHP plants intensifies. This could cause a humanitarian catastrophe in Ukraine and increase the number of refugees.
Ukraine's Power System: Peace and War
On 16 March, Ukraine was synchronised with the electricity grid of continental Europe, bidding a permanent farewell to the systems of Russia and Belarus. The connection took place in an urgent and emergency procedure. This is an important step towards sustainable cooperation with the European Union. But today, in Ukraine, there is first and foremost a warfare, as well as an energy war, which is no less important for the lives of the civilian population of Ukraine and Europe as a whole.
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Ukraine's Power System: Peace and War
On 16 March, Ukraine was synchronised with the electricity grid of continental Europe, bidding a permanent farewell to the systems of Russia and Belarus. The connection took place in an urgent and emergency procedure. This is an important step towards sustainable cooperation with the European Union. But today, in Ukraine, there is first and foremost a warfare, as well as an energy war, which is no less important for the lives of the civilian population of Ukraine and Europe as a whole.
